quick reference

ReferenceThe seven particles

An unmarked clause is present, its view unchosen. Tense stands first, aspect second, and the pair sits directly before the verb.

ReferenceThe ten combinations

ReferenceWorking rules

• An unmarked verb is present; a clause whose translation is past or future carries to or so on its own verb.
• to and so give direction only; every further shape belongs to the aspect rank.
• Tense sets the reference moment and ki completes at it: bare ki have done, to ki had done, so ki will have done.
• si looks inside one occasion; ro looks across many; a habit takes ro, always.
• te says the event ceased and ki says it stands complete; when both are true, each takes its own clause.
• One tense and one view per clause; two views take two clauses.
• Time phrases and frequency phrases stand after the subject, and the particles keep their place beside the verb.

ReferenceVocabulary in this pamphlet

ReferenceCross-references

• Manual chapter 14, sections 1 through 5 own the doctrine
• Manual chapter 14, section 7 for the full vocabulary of time
• canon.md for the aspect inventory, the habit boundary, and completion at the reference time
• The three-slots pamphlet for the full six-rank stack; the evidentiality pamphlet for the source particles
• Validate any Phi you write with python3 scripts/validate_examples.py

Seven sounds, one order, and a verb that never changes shape: that is the whole of time in Phi. What English spreads across conjugation tables, this grammar hands you in a breath, and the breath is enough to say a life, day by returning day.