Phi practice Adverbial clauses in Phi

Reading 10 of 11

Part 9

Exercises

Answers follow at the end. Before checking any form, say which event, reason, purpose, or concession the frame holds.

Part AName the relation

For each sentence, name the relator's relation and mark where the frame ends.

  1. pheo melu to kamo lo mia to haolu.
  2. lao pheralu ruela wirua nai.
  3. lila lo miona shelomu shia haolu.
  4. shai shelira thiku nai shelira mioru nai.
  5. melu phoe wi philo to kamo.

Part BBuild the frame

Render each English sentence with the frame first.

  1. After the rain fell, the flowers grow.
  2. Before the guests come, we cook.
  3. Because the child is hungry, the parent cooks.
  4. In order to learn, I listen.
  5. Although the path is wet, we walk.

Part CRepair or defend

Some items are ungrammatical, some are grammatical but claim the wrong thing for the stated intent, and some are fine. Judge each.

  1. *mia thole lila mia shonela. intended as "I practice in order to learn."
  2. phoe lo phemi shua lo mia pharelo. intended as "We cook before the guests come."
  3. *mia tei melu kamo thole. intended as "I practice until the friend arrives."
  4. lao pheralu to lepa ruela wirua nai. intended as "Because the rain fell, the path is wet."
  5. *lu pheralu lepa lo mia mua womu meilo. as one sentence, intended as a condition.

Part DOne sentence or two

Choose the relator inside one sentence or the discourse marker across two, and build it.

  1. The water is warm, so the child plays. One thought, one sentence.
  2. The evidence has run long; now draw the conclusion that the path is wet, across a boundary.
  3. Concede the dog's age and assert its playing, in one sentence.
  4. State the dog's age, then reverse expectation across a boundary.

Part ETranslate

  1. lila mia lo silero nila mia sui norawhi thalo.
  2. shai howeli lo phemi shua.
  3. pheralu phoe wi philo to lepa.
  4. lopia lila wile ralu nai.

Check your workAnswer key

AnswersPart A

  1. Sequence: the frame holds the earlier event and ends at kamo.
  2. Cause over a noun phrase: the frame ends at pheralu, and the reason has no verb of its own.
  3. Purpose: the frame holds the intended outcome and ends at shelomu.
  4. Concession: the frame concedes smallness and ends at the first nai.
  5. Sequence over counted time: phoe wi philo reaches back, and past to belongs to kamo.

AnswersPart B

  1. pheo pheralu to lepa lo peloru thuroa.
  2. phoe lo phemi shua lo mia pharelo.
  3. lao lopia kumoli nai phao pharelo.
  4. lila mia shonela mia sheluo.
  5. shai ruela wirua nai lo mia thalo.

AnswersPart C

  1. Ungrammatical: the purpose frame trails. Repair: lila mia shonela mia thole.
  2. Grammatical and correct for the intent: phoe introduces the later reference event, the guests' coming, and the cooking precedes it. Defend it.
  3. Ungrammatical: tei took a clause. Repair with a relator, pheo melu kamo mia thole., or an endpoint noun.
  4. Grammatical and correct: a full reason clause with its own past tense. Defend it.
  5. Ungrammatical as one sentence: the lu condition takes its own period. Repair: lu pheralu lepa. lo mia mua womu meilo.

AnswersPart D

  1. lao phialu sulae nai lopia wile.
  2. The conclusion takes its own sentence after the evidence, opened by the marker: thelao ruela wirua nai.
  3. shai lohau serao nai lohau wile.
  4. lohau serao nai. whekai lohau wile.

AnswersPart E

  1. In order to see the stars, I walk at dusk.
  2. Despite the wind, the guests come.
  3. The rain fell two days ago.
  4. The child is free as to playing; the freedom construction has no main clause coming.